A rare triple skeletal bone variation, including a median cleft of the posterior arch of the atlas, a sternal foramina and a bifid xiphoid process / 대한해부학회지

Bone variations are usually a result of abnormal ossification during embryonic life. Separately or in combination, sternal foramina and bifid xiphoid process are well documented skeletal alternations, as well as the median cleft of the posterior arch of the atlas. However, their appearance in combination is not yet celebrated in the literature. Our post-mortem examination unearthed such a triple variant of an adult male skeleton, which included no other skeletal variations. The fact that all variants are depicted in the median line of ossification implies a hypothesis of a triggered midline bone defect process. The awareness among clinicians of such variations during interventional and imaging procedures is of great importance.

A rare triple skeletal bone variation, including a median cleft of the posterior arch of the atlas, a sternal foramina and a bifid xiphoid process / 대한해부학회지

Bone variations are usually a result of abnormal ossification during embryonic life. Separately or in combination, sternal foramina and bifid xiphoid process are well documented skeletal alternations, as well as the median cleft of the posterior arch of the atlas. However, their appearance in combination is not yet celebrated in the literature. Our post-mortem examination unearthed such a triple variant of an adult male skeleton, which included no other skeletal variations. The fact that all variants are depicted in the median line of ossification implies a hypothesis of a triggered midline bone defect process. The awareness among clinicians of such variations during interventional and imaging procedures is of great importance.

Vascular Variations Of The Kidneys: Case Report And Mini Review

Background: The diversity of the human body structure which results to a great variety of vascular branching,seems to be endless. The vascular variations of the renal arteries are among the most frequent discovered ones.We present such a case, found during an educational cadaveric dissection.Results: Vascular branching alternations from the norm were observed in both kidneys of the case report. Abilateral presence of additional arteries, a polar one in the right side and a hilar one in the left side, with adouble renal vein in the left side were observed.Conclusions: Anatomy of the renal vessels usually is depicted with a plethora of variants. Clinicians should beaware that the renal topographical anatomy presents such difficulties, in order for complications to be avoidedduring various procedures.

Supratrochlear Foramen Of The Humerus: Two Cases From The Hellenic Region Of Magnesia

The supratrochlear foramen (STF) of the distal part of the humerus bone presents a known anatomical skeletonvariation. On the other hand the cause for its appearance remains obscure. Its incidence is reported to be from0% up to 60% among the adults, depending of the population. Results. Our research on dry bone skeletal remainsdemonstrated a very low incidence of 0.8% in the Magnesia region of the central Greece. Conclusions. STFincidence presents a huge percentage interval depending on the region in study. Due to various interventionalprocedures performed in the distal part of the humerus clinicians should be aware of this rare anatomicalvariation.

An Inferior Mesenteric Artery Arising From The Left Common Iliac Artery

Although anatomical variations in abdominal vascular branching are a common phenomenon, alternations inIMA are rather rare. We report a variation found during a dissection of an embalmed male cadaver of CaucasianHellenic origin, where we observed an IMA having as a point of origin the left common iliac artery, 0.4 cm afterthe AA bifurcation in the level between L3 and L4 vertebra. Ignorance of this variant may cause serious implicationsduring vascular and abdominal surgery

A rare double profunda femoris artery in a female cadaver / 대한해부학회지

The profunda femoris artery (PFA) represents the first and largest branch of the femoral artery in the thigh. A series of anatomical variations are reported, mostly concerning its point of origin and its altered trajectories within the lower limb. We present a rare case of a double PFA, where each separate branch followed the expected arterial pattern. Our case aim to alert surgeons and radiologists for the possibility to encounter an unexpected vascular alternation. Knowledge of topographical anatomy of the PFA and its variations is essential for possible complications after interventional procedures to be avoided.

Right and left common carotid arteries arising from the branchiocephalic, a rare variation of the aortic arch / 대한해부학회지

The aortic arch may present a plethora of anatomical variations, which my cause a cluster of complications in interventional procedures in surgery and angiography. We present a rare case of a common origin of both the common carotids arteries from the brachiocephalic trunk (anonymous artery), with the left common carotid artery emerging from the initial portion of it, forming a small common trunk. The great importance towards an excellent knowledge of the topographical aortic arch anatomy is stressed out.

Conjoined twins in antiquity: reality or part of the mythology?

Conjoined twins, was a known type of birth in antiquity. It was mentioned in manuscripts and depicted in terracotta figurines and vase paintings. Such findings were discovered in a variety of territories. Religion, local cult, and simple iconography of a known phenomenon create a debate among scholars to annotate their discovery. Gods and goddesses, magic figurines, sacred marriage, a binary hypostasis, or just Conjoined twins?

Ambroise Pare [1510-1590] and his contribution to the treatment of scoliosis

The purpose of this study is to summarize the treatment options for scoliosis and spine deformities from Antiquity through Medieval Times up to the Renaissance. Furthermore, it is to present the contribution of "the Father of Modern Surgery", Ambroise Pare [1510-1590], to this field. Pare was a distinguished surgeon of the Renaissance with many contributions to surgery, including war trauma, obstetrics, forensic medicine, and Orthopaedics. He was the first to recognize the importance of bracing for the treatment of scoliosis, inventing his famous metallic brace with holes to reduce weight. In conclusion, it is noted that up to the time of the Renaissance traction and exercise were the main treatments of spinal deformities, especially scoliosis. The pioneering work of Ambroise Pare, "The father of Modern Surgery", suggested the use of a metallic brace during adolescence in order to correct spine curvature of scoliosis. Besides that, Pare never rejected more traditional treatment options, like traction and exercise. He just suggested continuous bracing in order to add to the already existing conservative therapeutic options